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Earl of Carnwath
The title Earl of Carnwath was created in the Peerage of Scotland, together with the subsidiary title of Lord Dalzell and Liberton, on 21 April 1639 for Robert Dalzell, 2nd Lord Dalzell. His father, Sir Robert Dalzell, had been raised to the Peerage as a Lord of Parliament when he was created Lord Dalzell on 18 September 1628, also in the Peerage of Scotland.〔(Debrett's Peerage of Great Britain and Ireland (1840), London: William Pickering )〕 The titles refer to Carnwath in Lanarkshire, and Liberton in Edinburgh. The surname of ''Dalzell'' is pronounced .〔(www.debretts.com/forms-of-address/surname-pronunciation/craster-to-de-lotbiniere )〕
==Earldom of Carnwath==
The titles have a remainder to heirs male whatsoever bearing the name and Arms of Dalzell. This means that they can pass to the senior male heir, whoever that is, outside of the line descending from the first holder the title, should that line become extinct. There is not the usual requirement that the heir be of the body of the original holder. The senior heir male is merely required to be of the blood and have the surname and Arms of Dalzell.
Succession by this special remainder was first to occur on the death of the fourth Earl in 1702, when the line of the first Earl became extinct. The Earldom was therefore able to pass through collateral succession to Sir Robert Dalzell, 3rd Baronet, the senior heir of the first Lord and a collateral heir of the first Earl being the great-grandson of the first Earl's brother. But for this special remainder, he would have inherited only the Lordship, and the Earldom would have then become extinct.
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